Optimal Design Method and Preliminary Testing Verification of Miniature Cryogenic Centrifugal Pump Impeller
-
摘要: 高效微型低温离心泵在航天低温推进剂在轨贮存、液化天然气计量加注等领域有着重要的应用。叶轮是离心泵的核心部件，直接影响泵的扬程、效率和稳定性，其优化设计是关键环节。目前国内外关于低温离心泵叶轮的优化设计多采用基于一元理论和相似理论的模型换算法和速度系数法并结合数值仿真或工程经验进行。为节省研发成本、缩短研制周期，通过CFD仿真，验证了液氮和水两种流动介质下低温泵扬程曲线的相似性以及其他外特性曲线与介质物性参数的关系，采用制作简便的3D打印树脂叶轮进行微型低温离心泵叶轮优化的常温流体试验。在扬程、流量及效率等条件的协同约束下，确定了叶片数为6、叶片包角90°的叶轮最优方案，进而可以替换为金属材质并在后续进行低温工况测试。实验结果表明，本文所提出的微型低温离心泵叶轮快速迭代优化设计方法是可行和实用的。Abstract: High-efficiency miniature cryogenic centrifugal pumps have important applications in the fields such as cryogenic propellant storage on-orbit,and liquefied natural gas or hydrogen filling.The impeller is the core component of centrifugal pumps,which directly affects the pump’s pressure head,efficiency and stability.Its optimization is the crucial part of the design of miniature cryogenic centrifugal pumps.At present,such an optimization usually adopts the model scaling method and the velocity modulus method based on the unitary theory and the similitude theory,with the assistance of numerical simulation or engineering experience.To save R&D costs and shorten the development period,the present study used CFD simulation to verify the similarity of the head curve of cryogenic centrifugal pump with two flowing media:liquid nitrogen and water,and proposed the relationship between other characteristic curves and the medium physical parameters.The easy-to-make 3D printed resin impeller was used to optimize the normal temperature fluid test of the impeller of the miniature cryogenic centrifugal pump.Through comparison and iteration,the optimal impeller with 6 blades and 90°blade wrap angle was determined under the synergic constraints of pressure head,flow rate and efficiency,which could be replaced with metals and applied to low temperature cases.The experimental results confirmed that the rapid iterative optimal design method is feasible and practical for the impeller design of the miniature cryogenic centrifugal pumps.
-
Keywords:
- cryogenic centrifugal pumps /
- impeller optimization /
- 3D printing /
- CFD simulation
-
-
[1] PENGO R,JUNKER S,PASSARDI G,et al.Test results of a 1.2 kg/s centrifugal liquid helium pump for the ATLAS superconducting toroid magnet system[C]//Proceedings of 19th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference (ICEC 19),2002:733-746.
[2] HEDAYAT A,BAILEY J W,HASTINGS L J.Test data analysis of a spray bar zero-gravity liquid hydrogen vent system for upper stages[C]//AIP Conference Proceedings,2004:1171-1178.
[3] HASTINGS L J,BOLSHINSKIY L G,HEDAYAT A,et al.Liquid methane testing with a large-scale spray bar thermodynamic vent system[R].NASA,2014.
[4] HEDAYAT A.Liquid nitrogen (oxygen simulant) thermodynamic vent system test data analysis[C]//AIP Conference Proceedings,2006:232-239.
[5] 王广业.不锈钢冲压焊接多级离心泵叶轮优化设计及CFD分析[D].山东:山东理工大学,2006. [6] 朱圣良,袁春燕,庄明,等.部分流式液氮泵水力特性测试[J].低温工程,2012(7):34-37. [7] 邵雪,伍继浩,谢秀娟,等.高压头小流量低温流体泵的设计与试验[J].华中科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016(44):14-19. [8] 朱祖超,周响乐,张国乾,等.低温液氮离心泵的研制[J].水泵技术,1996(6):8-12. [9] HAYASHI T,NAKAMURA Y,MIYAGAW A K.Design optimization of a low specific speed centrifugal pump with an unshrouded impeller for cryogenic liquid flow[J].Earth and Environmental Science,2019,240(3):032046.
[10] 闫正超,邵春雷.基于正交试验的低温泵空化性能优化设计[J].石油化工设备,2019,48(5):1-7. [11] 李龙贤,林奇燕,丁振晓.诱导轮空化流场数值计算及实验研究[J].真空与低温,2018,24(4):251-258. [12] 沈阳水泵研究所,中国农业机械化科学研究院.叶片泵设计手册[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1983. [13] LIU X,XUE R,RUAN Y,et al.Flow characteristics of liquid nitrogen through solid-cone pressure swirl nozzles[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,110:290-297.
[14] LIU H.Effects of blade number on characteristics of centrifugal pumps[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010(6):742-747.
[15] 王秀勇.离心泵流动特征的数值分析[D].杭州:浙江大学航空航天学院,2007. [16] TURTON R K.Principles of turbomachinery[M].Springer,Dordrecht,1984.
计量
- 文章访问数: 12
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 4
下载:
